Cytotoxicity of mangrove rhizhopora mucronate bark extracts as intracanal medicament

Abstract

Objectives : This study aims to determine the cytotoxicity of Rhizophora mucronata bark extracts as an intracanal medicament.

Materials and Methods: Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) were exposed to the Rhizophora mucronata bark extracts at different concentrations of 0.5% (Group 1), 1% (Group 2), 2.5% (Group 3), 5% (Group 4), 10% (Group 5), and 20% (Group 6) to assess its cytotoxic effect. In addition, there were two control groups; one containing only the culture medium while another only with the cells. Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. This was done by adding MTT solution into each well after 3 minutes and then incubating them for 4 hours. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was then added to each well and shaken to mix. The absorbance was then measured on an ELISA plate reader with a reference wavelength of 630 nm. The extract at that said concentration is identified to be non-toxic if the cell viability is ≥ 50 %.

Result: There was significant difference in cell viability of the GMSCs at various concentrations of the extract. The highest cell viability was found in group of cells which was treated with 1% concentration of Rhizopora Mucronata extract, while the with 10% concentration Rhizopora Mucronata significantly reduced the cell viability to the lowest among all groups.

Conclusion: Rhizophora mucronata bark extracts at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, and 5% can be used safely as endodontic intracanal medicament.